Cannot resolve Assembly or Windows Metadata file 'Type universe cannot resolve assembly: System.Xaml, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089.'

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Resolve Assembly Resolution Error in .NET MAUI

How to Resolve "Cannot Resolve Assembly" Error in .NET MAUI

Issue: "Type universe cannot resolve assembly: System.Xaml, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089."

This error typically occurs when your project cannot resolve the assembly System.Xaml due to version conflicts or missing assembly references. This is a common issue in .NET MAUI projects that may arise after upgrading or adding new dependencies.

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Check for Missing or Incorrect Assembly References

Ensure that your project is referencing the correct version of System.Xaml. In .NET 6 and later (including .NET 9), certain assemblies such as System.Xaml may require a specific version.

<PackageReference Include="System.Xaml" Version="4.2.1" />

Make sure to update the version to a suitable one based on your project needs.

2. Clear NuGet Cache

Corrupted or outdated NuGet caches may cause issues with resolving assembly references. Clear the NuGet cache using the following command:

dotnet nuget locals all --clear

Then, restore the packages:

dotnet restore

3. Ensure All MAUI Dependencies Are Up-to-Date

Check if your MAUI-related NuGet packages are up-to-date. Mismatched versions of MAUI and its dependencies can lead to assembly resolution problems.

dotnet add package Microsoft.Maui --version 9.0.50

Repeat for other dependencies like Microsoft.Maui.Controls and Microsoft.Maui.Controls.Compatibility.

4. Verify Target Frameworks

Ensure that your project is targeting a supported framework version. If you are using a newer or experimental version, try switching to a more stable one like net6.0 or net7.0.

<TargetFrameworks>net7.0-android;net7.0-ios;net7.0-maccatalyst</TargetFrameworks>

5. Rebuild the Solution

After making the above changes, rebuild your solution to ensure that all dependencies are correctly resolved:

dotnet build

Or use the Clean and Rebuild options in your IDE (e.g., Visual Studio).

6. Check Compatibility with MvvmLightLibs

If you're using the MvvmLightLibs package, ensure that it's compatible with your .NET version. Incompatible versions of MVVM libraries may cause conflicts with assemblies like System.Xaml.

If issues persist, consider switching to other libraries like CommunityToolkit.MVVM which work well with .NET MAUI.

7. Manually Update the System.Xaml.dll Assembly

If the problem still exists, you may need to manually add the System.Xaml.dll to your project or ensure it's included in the references properly.

Additional Resources

Article created for resolving common .NET MAUI errors.

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